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What are the benefits of vitamin in the growth of domestic poultry and breeding chickens? What impact will lack have

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  • Release time: 2022-03-11

In the process of raising chickens, add a small amount of vitamins to the chicken feed, which is more helpful to improve the healthy growth of chickens. Let's first look at the various vitamins needed in the growth of chickens and what functions these vitamins have.

 

The main soluble vitamins needed in chicken growth are thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, biotin and so on.

 

 


Thiamine: Poultry cannot make good use of thiamine composed of intestinal tract, so the demand is usually made up by feed. The carbohydrate content of diet increased, and the animal thiamine demand increased; Fat and protein have the effect of saving thiamine; The diet is rich in anti thiamine because of the demand for thiamine (such as thiamine enzyme contained in many raw fish meal), the application of cottonseed meal and disease infection; The demand of small chickens is higher than that of large chickens, and the demand during egg laying period is increased.

 

 


Choline: the demand for choline in poultry feed is usually 500 ~ 200 mg / kg, and the tolerance of chickens is twice the demand.

 

Vitamin C: under adversity and stress such as high temperature, cold and transportation. And dietary energy, protein, vitamin E, selenium and iron deficiency, poultry demand for vitamin C greatly increased. The demand of poultry for vitamin C veterinary medicine raw materials is usually not clearly specified. Because of its low toxicity, the tolerance is usually hundreds or even thousands of times of the demand.

 

 


The demand for fat soluble vitamins is mainly vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, etc. Vitamin A: the minimum requirement of vitamin A in poultry feed is usually 1000-5000iu / kg.

 

 


Vitamin E: the demand of poultry for vitamin E increases with the addition of unsaturated fatty acids, oxidants, carotenoids and trace elements. The ve requirement of poultry feed is usually 5 ~ 30mg, kg.

 

 


Vitamin K: all kinds of poultry diets need to make up for vitamin K. chickens need to add vitamin K when suffering from coccidiosis.

 

 


In general, if poultry lack vitamins in the process of centralized feeding, there will be no obvious symptoms in the early stage of vitamin deficiency in poultry, so it is very easy to be ignored by farmers. Although poultry do not have much demand for vitamins, once lacking, it will reduce resistance and lead to other diseases. So what are the symptoms of vitamin deficiency in poultry?

 

 


1、 Chicken lacks vitamin A

 

 

 

1. Basic description

 

 

 

Vitamin A deficiency in poultry is common in chickens, chicks and primiparous hens. If chickens lack vitamin A for a long time and are not treated in time, the mortality rate is very high, so it can not be ignored.

 

 

 

2. Symptom performance

 

 

 

① The conjunctiva and cornea of the eyes are inflamed, and a "milk like" exudate often flows out of the eyes;

 

 

 

② Lower eyelid adhesion, corneal opacity and opacity;

 

 

 

③ In severe cases, a large amount of white bean curd residue like substances accumulate in the eyelids;

 

 

 

④ Some eyes are dry, and the mucous membranes of larynx, organs and esophagus are covered with a layer of bean curd residue like film, which is easy to scrape off, difficult to breathe and loss of appetite.

 

 

 

3. Prevention and control methods

 

 

 

① Feed supplemented with rich vitamin A or carotene, such as cod liver oil, carrots and green plants;

 

 

 

② During individual treatment, each sick chicken is fed 1 / 4-1 / 2 cod liver oil pills twice a day, or cod liver oil emulsion, about 1 / 4 spoons per sick chicken, three times a day;

 

 

 

③ Eye diseases can be washed with 3% boric acid solution once a day.

 

 

 

2、 Chicken lacks vitamin D

 

 

 

1. Basic description

 

 

 

The deficiency or imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in the body will affect the growth of bones and cause abnormalities. If there is no shortage of calcium and phosphorus in the body and the proportion is normal, it is vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is an important substance that poultry (livestock) of any age cannot lack. It can participate in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Under the action of vitamin D, calcium becomes phosphate (calcium) and is absorbed by the intestines and stomach and settles in the bone tissue. When vitamin D is deficient, the absorption of phosphate in the intestine will be blocked, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the blood will be reduced, the ability to store calcium phosphate in the bone will also be weakened, and the bone calcification is incomplete.

 

 

 

2. Symptom performance

 

 

 

① Deformation of limbs and feet, swelling of joints, abnormal thorax, left-right asymmetry;

 

 

 

② The joint of joints, ribs and costal cartilage is obviously swollen, the long bone is loose and easy to break, the texture of beak and mouth becomes soft, bending and deformity, and the cartilage of bone increases sharply;

 

 

 

③ Unstable gait, difficult standing, inconvenient eating, etc. If not treated in time, they often die, and some hens often lay soft shell eggs.

 

 

 

3. Prevention and control methods

 

 

 

① Keeping poultry exposed to sunlight at ordinary times can prevent or reduce the occurrence of this disease, because vitamin D is transformed by a kind of vitamin D yuan under the action of sunlight;

 

 

 

② If vitamin D deficiency has occurred, each chicken is fed 1-2 drops of cod liver oil;

 

 

 

③ In the feed of high-yield hens and developing chicks, some feed rich in vitamin D should be supplemented, such as fish meal, bone meal, blood meal, or yeast slice, hay powder and so on.

 

 

 

3、 Vitamin B1 deficiency in ducks

 

 

 

1. Basic description

 

 

 

Ducks and chickens are basically the same. Ducks lack vitamin B1 for a long time is very serious. Female ducks feed a large amount of animal feed such as clam meat for a long time, and the raw eggs also lack vitamin content, so the hatched ducklings are easy to get sick.

 

 

 

2. Symptom performance

 

 

 

He walks shakily. Sometimes he lies on the ground with his feet facing the sky and his head bent back. He rolls on the ground like a "nerve".

 

 

 

3. Prevention and control methods

 

 

 

① When raising ducks, in addition to giving a certain amount of animal feed - fish, shrimp, crab and clam, we must also give appropriate germinated grains, bran, fresh green feed or yeast tablets rich in vitamin B1, and graze more.

 

 

 

② If the duck is sick, it can be drunk with vitamin B1 or compound vitamin B dissolved in water. When the duck is critically ill, it can be injected with vitamin B1, 0.5% for each-- 0.2ml, often subject to significant effect.

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