Why should chicken supplement vitamins?
First of all, understand the concept of vitamins. Vitamins are a kind of trace organic substances that human and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. They play an important role in the process of human growth, metabolism and development. In other words, both animals and human bodies must rely on vitamins in the metabolic process to live normally. Otherwise, lack of vitamins will cause lesions or hinder growth.
So what kinds of vitamins do poultry need?
First, some water-soluble vitamins include the following
1. Thiamine: poultry can not make good use of thiamine synthesized by intestine, so it generally needs to be supplemented by premix vitamin feed.
2. Riboflavin: the demand for riboflavin in poultry feed decreases with the increase of temperature, generally 2.5-8.0mg/kg. The dose of riboflavin poisoning is dozens to hundreds of times of the required amount.
3. Nicotinic acid: tryptophan in the diet can be converted to nicotinic acid. The demand for niacin in poultry feed is generally 10 - 50
Mg / kg, and the toxic dose is 350mg / kg.
4. Vitamin B6: the protein level in poultry diet increases, and too much tryptophan, methionine or other amino acids increase the demand for vitamin B6.
5. Pantothenic acid: the need of poultry for pantothenic acid increases with the increase of dietary energy concentration; Antibiotics and vitamin B12 can save chicken's need for pantothenic acid.
6. Biotin: the demand for biotin in poultry feed is generally 50-300 UG / kg. Within the range of 4-10 times of the demand, biotin is safe for poultry.
7. Folic acid: due to the limited folic acid synthesized by poultry intestine and difficult utilization, it needs to be supplemented. The requirement of folate in poultry feed is generally 0.2 ~ 1.0mg/kg feed. Folic acid has no toxic effect.
8. Vitamin B12 poultry fed with plant feed or diet with insufficient cobalt, have gastrointestinal diseases and congenital defects, can not produce endogenous factors, and need to be supplemented with vitamin B12. The requirement of vitamin B12 in poultry feed is 3 ~ 10mg / kg, and the toxic dose is at least hundreds of times of the requirement.
9. Choline: the requirement of choline in poultry feed is generally 500 ~ 2000mg / kg, and the tolerance of chickens is twice the requirement. Choline poisoning is characterized by salivation, tremor, spasm, respiratory paralysis, etc.
10. Vitamin C: under adversity and stress such as high temperature, cold and transportation And when the dietary energy, protein, vitamin E, selenium and iron are insufficient, the demand for vitamin C of poultry increases greatly.
The second is fat soluble vitamins
Vitamin A: the minimum requirement of vitamin A in poultry feed is generally 1000-5000 IU / kg.
Vitamin D: the demand of poultry for vitamin D is affected by the diet.
Vitamin E: the demand of poultry for vitamin E increases with the increase of unsaturated fatty acids, oxidants, carotenoids and trace elements in the diet.
Vitamin K: all kinds of poultry diets need to be supplemented with vitamin K. when chickens suffer from coccidiosis, the demand for vitamin K increases.
Is it better to use powder or liquid for poultry breeding vitamins?
